Ambelas (1979) Psychologically stressful events in the precipitation of manic episodes. British Journal of Psychiatry, 135, 15.

Ambelas, A (1987) Life events and mania. A special relationship. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 235-240.

Arieti, S. (1959). Manic Depressive psychosis. American Handbook of Psychiatry. Basic Books, New York, 419. In: Joseph, P.Anto.(1995) Life Events in First Episode Depression , Mania & Schizophrenia. Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi.

Baum, A., Grunberg, N. E., & Singer, J. E. (1982). The use of psychological and neuroendocrinological measurements in the study of stress. Health Psychology, 1, 217-236. In Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C. & Gordow, L. U. (Eds), Measuring Stress: A Guide for Health and social scientists. New York, Oxford University Press. 59-79.

Beck, J. C., Worthen, K. (1972) Precipitating stress, crisis theory and hospitalization in schizophrenia and depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 25, 123-129.

Benjaminson, S. (1981) Stressful life events preceding the onset of neurotic depression. Psychological Medicine, 11, 369-378.

Bhatti, R. S. & Channabasavanna, S. M. (1986) Study of Neurosis; Life events and personality dimensions. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 22, 127-137.

Bleuler, M. (1911) Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias. Translated by J.Zinkin.New York: International Universities Press,1950.In: Lukoff, D., Synder, K. S., Ventura, J. & Nuechterlein, K. H. (1984) Life events, familial stress and coping in the developmental course of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 10, 258-292.

Bolger, N., DeLongis, A., Kessler, R. C., & Schilling, E. (1989). The effects of daily stress on negative mood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 808-818. In Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C. & Gordow, L. U. (Eds), Measuring Stress: A Guide for Health and social scientists. New York, Oxford University Press. 59-79.

Brown, G. W., & Harris, T. O. (1978). Social origins of depression: A study of psychiatric disorders in women. London: Tavistock. In Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C. & Gordow, L. U. (Eds), Measuring Stress: A Guide for Health and social scientists. New York, Oxford University Press. 59-79.

Brown, G. W., and Harris, T. O. (Eds.) (1989). "Life Events and Illness." Guilford, New York.

Brown, G. W., Harris, T. O. (1989) Depression . In: Monroe, S. M., Harkness, K., Simons, A., Thase, M. E. (2001) Life stress and symptoms of major depression. The Journal of Nervous and Mental disease, 189, 168-175.

Brown, G. W., Harris, T. O., & Petro, J. (1973) Life events and psychiatric disorders, Part 2: Nature of causal link. Psychological Medicine, 3, 159-176.In: Lukoff, D., Synder, K. S., Ventura, J. & Nuechterlein, K. H. (1984) Life events, familial stress and coping in the developmental course of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 10, 258-292.

Chatterjee, R. N., Mukherjee, S. P. & Nandi, D. N. (1981) Life events and depression. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 23, 4.

Clancy, J. Crowe, R., Winokur, G. & Morrison, J. (1973) The IOWA 500: Precipitating Factors In Schizophrenia And Primary Affective Disorders. Comprehensive Psychiatry; 14, 197-202.

Clayton, P. J., Dermaris, L. and Winokur, G. (1968). A study of normal bereavement. American Journal of Psychiatry, 125, 168.

Cohen, S. (1980) After effects of stress on human performance and social behaviour: A review of research and theory, Psychological Bulletin, 88(1), 82-108.

Cooper, B. & Sylph, J. (1973) Life events and the onset of neurotic illness: An investigation in general practice. Psychological Medicine. 3, 421-435.

Das, J., Suresh Kumar, P. N., Bagchi, D. J., Joseph, P. A. & Rakesh Khanna (1995) A comparative study of life events in depression and Mania. Presented in the national conference of IPS, Patna.

Das, M. K., Kulhara, P. L. & Verma, S, K. (1997) Life events preceding relapse of schizophrenia. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 43, 56-63.

De Loof, C., Zanbergen, J., Lousberg, H. (1989) The role of life events in the onset of panic disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 27, 461-463.

Dohrenwend, B. P., Raphael, K. G., Schwartz, S., Stueve, A., & Skodol, A. (1993). The structured event probe and narrative rating method for measuring stressful life events. In L. Goldberger & S. Breznitz (Eds.), Handbook of stress (pp. 174-199). New York: Free Press.

Dohrenwend, B. S. and Dohrenwend, B. P. (1997). What is a stressful life event? In: D. M. Pestonjee (1992) Stress and coping: The Indian experience. Sage Publication Pvt. India Ltd.

Dohrenwend, B. S., Askenasy, A. R., Krasnoff, L., & Dohrenwend, B. P. (1978). Exemplification of a method for scaling life events: The PERI life Events Scale. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 19, 205-229. In Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C. & Gordow, L. U. (Eds), Measuring Stress: A Guide for Health and social scientists. New York, Oxford University Press. 59-79.

Dunner, D. L., Patrick, V. and Fieve, R. R. (1979). Life events at the onset of bipolar affective illness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 485-88.

Faravelli, C., & Pallti, S. (1989) Recent life events and panic disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry. 146, 622-626.

Fink, G. (2000). Encyclopedia of stress. Academic Press, Calfornia.

Friedman, S; Smith, L; Fogel, D; Paradis, C; Vishwanathan, R; Ackerman, R; Trappler, B (2002) The incidence and influence of early traumatic life events in patients with panic disorder: a comparison with other psychiatric outpatients. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 16(3): 259-72

Heinroth, J. C. (1818). Quoted by Lukoff, D., Synder, K., Ventura, J., Neuchterlein (1984). Life events, familial stress and coping in the developmental course of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. Vol. (2), 258-259.

Hlastala, S. A. & Frank, E. (2000) Biology versus environment, stressors in psychopathology of bipolar disorders. (eds) Sores, J. C., Gershon, S. & Decker, C. INC USA.

Holmes, T. H. and Rahe, (1967) The social readjustment rating scale. Journal of Psychosomatic research, 11, 213-218. In: D. M. Pestonjee (1992) Stress and coping: The Indian experience. Sage Publication Pvt. India Ltd.

Jacobs, S., Prusoff, B. A. and Paykel, E. S. (1974). Recent life events in schizophrenia and depression. Psychological Medicine, 4, 444-453. In: Joseph, P.Anto.(1995) Life Events in First Episode Depression , Mania & Schizophrenia. Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi.

Joseph, P. Anto (1995). Life events in first episode depression, mania and schizophrenia. Central Institute of Psychiatry. Ranchi.

Kagan, A., & Levi, L. (1974) The concept of normality. Male-female roles and relationships. In: Len, O. (ed) Society, stress and disease. New York: Oxford University Press.

Kamarajan, C. (1996) Premorbid personality and life events in functional mental disorders toward evolving a causal model. Ranchi, Central Institute of Psychiatry.

Kaplan, H.I.& Sadock, B.J.(2000) Comprehensive TextBook of Psychiatry (7th ed) New York: Williams and Wilkins.

Kennedy, S., Thompson, R., Stancer, H. C., Roy, A. and Prasad, E. (1983). Life events precipitating Mania. British Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 398.

Khanna, S., Rajendra, P. N. & Channabasavanna, S. M. (1988) Life events and onset of obsessive compulsive disorder. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 34, 305-309.

Lakhera, K. G., Salolki, R. K. and Vyas, J. N. (1995). A study of recent life events and their role in the precipitation of mania. 37(1), 13-16. In: Joseph, P.Anto.(1995) Life Events in First Episode Depression , Mania & Schizophrenia. Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi.

Lazarus, R. S., and Folkman, S. (1984). "Stress, Appraisal, and Coping." Springer, New York.

Leff, J. P., Hirsch, S. R., Gaind, R., Rohde, P. D., and Stevens, B. S. (1973). Life events and maintenance therapy in schizophrenic relapse. British Journal of Psychiatry, 123, 659-660.

Leff, J., and Vaughn, C. (1980). The interaction of life events and relatives expressed emotion in schizophrenia and depressed neurosis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 146-153.

Leff, M. J., Roatch, J. F., & Bunny, W. E. (1970) Environmental factors preceding the onset of severe depression. Psychiatry. 33, 293-311.

Left, J. P., & Fisher, M. (1976) A crisis national epidemiological study of mania. British Journal of Psychiatry. 129, 429.

Lindemann, E. (1944). Symptomatology and management of acute grief. American Journal of Psychiatriy, 101: 141-148.

Lukoff, D., Synder, K. S., Ventura, J. & Nuechterlein, K. H. (1984) Life events, familial stress and coping in the developmental course of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 10, 258-292.

Martin, B. Dollfus, S. & Petit, M. (1995). Comparative study of life events in schizophrenia and depressive patients. Annales de Psychiatrie. 9, 200-205.

Mazure, C. M. (1998) Life stressors as risk factors in depression. In: Monroe, S. M., Harkness, K., Simons, A., Thase, M. E. (2001) Life stress and symptoms of major depression. The Journal of Nervous and Mental disease, 189, 168-175.

Mcglashan, T., & Hoffman, R. E. (2000) Schizophrenia: Psychodynamic to Neurodynamic theories. In: Comprehensive TextBook of Psychiatry (7th ed) New York:Williams & Witkins.

McGonagle, K. A., & Kessler, R. C. (1990). Chronic stress, acute stress, and depressive symptoms. American Journal of Community Psychology, 18,681-705. In Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C. & Gordow, L. U. (Eds), Measuring Stress: A Guide for Health and social scientists. New York, Oxford University Press. 59-79.

McKeon, J., Roa, B. and Mann, A. (1984) Life Events and Personality Traits In Obsessive Compulsive Neurosis, British Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 185-189.

Meehl,P.E(1962) Schizotaxia, schizotypy, schizophrenia. American Psychologist,17,827-838. In: Joseph, P. Anto (1995). Life events in first episode depression, mania and schizophrenia. Central Institute of Psychiatry. Ranchi.

Meynert, T. H. (1890) Quoted by: Dunner et. al.(1979) Life events at the onset of bipolar affective illness. American Journal of Psychiatry. 136, 508.

Monaghan (1978) British life event inventory for children, In: Malhotra, S., Kaur, S., Nehara, K. (1992). Life events in psychiatrically ill children. Indian Journal of Psychiatry.

Mundt, C., Reck, C., Backenstrass, M., Kronmuller, K., Fiedler, P. (2000). Reconfirming the role of life events for the timing of depressive episodes. A two year prospective follow up study, Journal of Affective Disorders. 59(1), 23-30.

Murrel, S., Norris, F., & Hutchins, G. (1984). Distribution and desirability of life events in older adults: Population and policy implication. Journal of Community Psychology. 12, 301-311. In Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C. & Gordow, L. U. (Eds), Measuring Stress: A Guide for Health and social scientists. New York, Oxford University Press. 59-79.

Myers ,J;Jacobs,J.l. and Max,P.P.(1971)Life events and psychiatric impairment.Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,152:149-157.In: Kaplan, H.B (1983) Psychological Stress: Trends in Theory and Research. Academic Press, New York. London.

Newcomb, M., Huba, G., & Bentler, P. (1981). A multidimensional assessment of stressful life events among adolescents: Derivations and correlates. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 22, 400-414. In Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C. & Gordow, L. U. (Eds), Measuring Stress: A Guide for Health and social scientists. New York, Oxford University Press. 59-79.

Newman, S. C. & Bland, R. C. (1994) Life events and one year prevalence of major depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorders, and panic disorder in a community sample. Comprehensive psychiatry. 35, 76-81.

O'Neil, M. K., Lancer, W. J., Freeman, S. J. (1986). Psychosocial factors and depressive symptoms. Journal of Nervous Mental Disorders. 174(1), 15-23.

Parkes, C. M. (1964). Recent bereavement as a cause of mental illness. British Journal of Psychiatry, 110, 198-204.

Patrick, V., Dunner, D. L. and Fieve, R. R. (1978). Life events and primary affective illness. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 58-48.

Paykel, E. S. (1994) Life events, social support and depression. Acta Psychiatrica Sandinavia, 377, 50-58.

Paykel, E. S., & Cooper, Z. C. (1992) Handbook of affective disorders, (2 ed) In: Monroe, S. M., Harkness, K., Simons, A., Thase, M. E. (2001) Life stress and symptoms of major depression. The Journal of Nervous and Mental disease, 189, 168-175.

Paykel, E. S., Meyers, J. K., & Dienelt, M. N. (1969) Life events and depression: a controlled study. Archives of General Psychiatry. 21, 753-760.

Paykel, E. S., Prusoff, B. A., & Uhlenhuth, E. H. (1971). Scaling of life events. Archives of General Psychiatry, 25, 340-347.

Paykel, E., Myers, J., Dienett, M., Klerman, G., Lindenthal, J., Pepper, M. (1975). Life events stress and illness. Science, 194, 1013-20.

Post, (1992) In: Psychinfo.

Rabkin,J.G.(1980) Stressful life events and schizophrenia. A review of the research literature. . Psychological Bulletin, 87:408-425. In: Joseph, P.Anto.(1995) Life Events in First Episode Depression , Mania & Schizophrenia. Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi.

Rahe, R. H., and Arthur, R. J. (1978). Life change and illness studies: Past history and future directions. Journal of Human stress, 4, 3-15. In: Lukoff, D., Synder, K. S., Ventura, J. & Nuechterlein, K. H. (1984) Life events, familial stress and coping in the developmental course of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 10, 258-292.

Rahe, R. H., Floistand, I., Bergen, T., & Ringdale, R. (1974) A model for life changes and illness research. Archives of General Psychiatry, 32. 172.

Ram, D., & Sharma, I. (1988) Life events in anxiety neurosis. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 30, 61-67. In: Vyas ,J.N and Ahuja,N.(1999) Textbook of Post Graduate Psychiatry (2nd ed) vol 2. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. New Delhi.

Rao, A & Nammalvar, N. (1976) Life changes and depressive disease. Indian Journal of psychiatry. 18, 293.

Rosenthal, D. (1970) Genetic theory and abnormal behaviour. New York: Mc Graw hill. In: Joseph, P.Anto.(1995) Life Events in First Episode Depression , Mania & Schizophrenia. Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi.

Rutter, M. (1996). Transitions and turning points in developmental psychopathology: As applied to the age span between childhood and mid – adulthood. International Journal of Behavioural Development, 19(3), 603-636. In: Hutchison, E.D. (2003) Dimensions of Human Behaviour: The changing life course (2nd ed). Sage Publications Inc. USA.

Sandler, I., & Ramsay, T. (1980). Dimensional analysis of children's stressful events. American Journal of Community Psychology, 8, 285-302. In Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C. & Gordow, L. U. (Eds), Measuring Stress: A Guide for Health and social scientists. New York, Oxford University Press. 59-79.

Sarason, I. G., Johnson, J. H., & Siegal, J. M. (1978). Assessing the impact of life changes: Development of the life experiences survey. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 932-946.

Sating, D. G. (1973) Life stress and psychological problems in hospital emergency unit. Social Psychiatry, 8.

Savoia, M. G., Bernik, M. (2004) Adverse life events and coping skills in panic disorder. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 59(6), 337-340.

Scalare, P., & Creed, S. (1990) Life events and the onset on Mania. British Journal of Psychiatry. 156, 508-514.

Selye, H. (1974) Stress without distress. Hodder and Stroughton.London

Serban, C. (1975) Stress in normals and schizophrenics. British Journal of Psychiatry. 126, 397-407. In: Lukoff, D., Synder, K. S., Ventura, J. & Nuechterlein, K. H. (1984) Life events, familial stress and coping in the developmental course of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 10, 258-292.

Servant, D. & Parquent, P. J. (1994b) Life events and anxiety. Encephale. 20, 333-337.

Servant, D. & Parquet, P. J. (1994a) Early life events and panic disorder. Course of illness and co morbidity. Neurophychopharmacological Biological Psychiatry. 18, 272-379.

Settersten, R. A., & Mayer, L. U. (1997). The measurement of age, age – structuring and the life course. Annual Review of Sociology, 23, 233-261. In: Hutchison, E.D. (2003) Dimensions of Human Behaviour: The changing life course (2nd ed). Sage Publications Inc. USA.

Sharma, I., Ram, D. (1986) Life events and support systems in anxiety state. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 2: 357-367.

Sharma, I., Ram, D. (1987). Life events in anxiety neurosis. A study of intervening variables. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. 29: 181-187. In: Vyas ,J.N and Ahuja,N.(1999) Textbook of Post Graduate Psychiatry (2nd ed) vol 2. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. New Delhi. In: Vyas ,J.N and Ahuja,N.(1999) Textbook of Post Graduate Psychiatry (2nd ed) vol 2. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd. New Delhi.

Shejwal, B. R. (1984). A study of life and some of its personality correlates. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Poona, Pune.

Shejwal, B. R. and Ram, U. (1983). Sex differences in the perception of stressful life events threatening personal attachment. Paper presented at the seminar in stress, University of Poona, Pune.

Singh, G., Kaur, D., & Kaur, H., (1983) Hand book for Presumptive Stressful Life Event Scale, Agra; National Psychological Corporation.

Stone, A. A., Reed, B. R., & Neale, J. M. (1987). Changes in daily event frequency precede episodes of physical symptoms. Journal of Human Stress, 13, 70-74. In Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C. & Gordow, L. U. (Eds), Measuring Stress: A Guide for Health and social scientists. New York, Oxford University Press. 59-79.

Takeuchi, T., Takahashi, T., & Kotsuki, H. (1986) Life events related to the inception of anxiety neurosis. Journal of Psychiatric Neurology. 40, 137-142.

Tennant, C. (1985) Life events and schizophrenic episode. Australia and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 19, 327-329. In: Joseph, P.Anto.(1995) Life Events in First Episode Depression , Mania & Schizophrenia. Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi.

Thomson, K.C.M & Henrie, H. C. (1972) Environmental stress in primary depressive illness. Archives of General Psychiatry, 26, 133-136.

Valillant, G. E. (1964) Prospective prediction of schizophrenic remission. Archives of General Psychiatry. 11, 509-518.

Ventura, J., Nuechterlein, K. H., & Lukoff, D. (1989) A prospective study of stressful life events and schizophrenic relapse. Journal of Abnormal psychology. 98, 407-411.

Westphal (1911) Quoted by: Dunner et. al. (1979) Life events at the onset of bipolar affective illness. American Journal of Psychiatry. 136, 508.

Wethington, E., Brown, G. W. & Kessler, R. C. (1995). Interview measurement of stressful life events. In Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C. & Gordow, L. U. (Eds), Measuring Stress: A Guide for Health and social scientists. New York, Oxford University Press. 59-79.

Wethington,E.(2000) Encyclopedia of stress. Academic Press, California.

Wheaton, B. (1990). Life transitions, role histories, and mental health. American Sociological Review, 55, 209-223. In Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C. & Gordow, L. U. (Eds), Measuring Stress: A Guide for Health and social scientists. New York, Oxford University Press. 59-79.

Wheaton, B., Gotlib, I. (1997). Trajectories and turning points over the life course: concepts and themes. In I. Gotlib & B. Wheaton (Eds.), Stress and adversity over life course: Trajectories and turning points, 1-25. In: Hutchison, E.D. (2003) Dimensions of Human Behaviour: The changing life course (2nd ed). Sage Publications Inc. USA.

Williamson, D. E., Birmaher, B. & Anderson, B. P. (1995) Stressful life events in depressed adolescents. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 34, 591-598.

Zubin, J. & Spring, B. (1977) Vulnerability – A new view of schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86, 103-126.